夏天炎熱問題剖析?

Analysis of the problem of hot summer weather

材質(zhì)影響：濟(jì)南常見停車棚材質(zhì)對(duì)夏季炎熱感受影響顯著。彩鋼板停車棚，因彩鋼板熱傳導(dǎo)性強(qiáng)，夏日陽光直射下，熱量迅速傳入棚內(nèi)，致使棚內(nèi)溫度大幅攀升，常比外界高 5 - 10℃，車輛長時(shí)間停放其中，車內(nèi)內(nèi)飾易因高溫加速老化，電子元件也可能受影響。膜結(jié)構(gòu)停車棚則不同，其選用的膜材多有良好隔熱性能，如 PTFE 膜材，能反射部分太陽輻射熱，且膜材表面光滑，不易積聚熱量，棚內(nèi)溫度相對(duì)穩(wěn)定，一般僅比外界高 2 - 5℃，可有效降低車輛被暴曬程度。?

Material influence: Common parking shed materials in Jinan have a significant impact on the feeling of summer heat. Color steel plate parking shed, due to its strong thermal conductivity, quickly transfers heat into the shed under direct sunlight in summer, causing the temperature inside the shed to rise significantly, often 5-10 ℃ higher than the outside. Vehicles parked in it for a long time are prone to accelerated aging of the interior due to high temperatures, and electronic components may also be affected. The membrane structure parking shed is different. The selected membrane materials often have good thermal insulation performance, such as PTFE membrane material, which can reflect some solar radiation heat. The surface of the membrane material is smooth and not easy to accumulate heat. The temperature inside the shed is relatively stable, generally only 2-5 ℃ higher than the outside, which can effectively reduce the degree of vehicle exposure to sunlight. ?

設(shè)計(jì)因素：停車棚設(shè)計(jì)對(duì)散熱關(guān)重要。合理的通風(fēng)設(shè)計(jì)能極大改善夏季炎熱狀況。部分停車棚在頂部或側(cè)面設(shè)置通風(fēng)口，利用熱空氣上升原理，形成自然對(duì)流，加速棚內(nèi)空氣流通，帶走熱量。例如，一些大型停車場的停車棚采用錯(cuò)落式屋頂設(shè)計(jì)，增加空氣流通路徑，使棚內(nèi)空氣循環(huán)更順暢，降低悶熱感。若停車棚周圍綠化良好，如種植高大喬木遮陰，也能減少陽光直射，降低棚內(nèi)溫度，為車輛營造更舒適停放環(huán)境。?

Design factor: Parking shed design is crucial for heat dissipation. Reasonable ventilation design can greatly improve the hot summer conditions. Some parking sheds are equipped with ventilation openings at the top or sides, utilizing the principle of hot air rising to form natural convection, accelerating air circulation inside the shed, and taking away heat. For example, some large parking lots use staggered roof designs to increase air circulation paths, making the air circulation inside the shed smoother and reducing the feeling of stuffiness. If the greenery around the parking shed is good, such as planting tall trees for shade, it can also reduce direct sunlight, lower the temperature inside the shed, and create a more comfortable parking environment for vehicles. ?

冬季積雪承載問題探討?

Discussion on the problem of winter snow carrying capacity

結(jié)構(gòu)強(qiáng)度：停車棚結(jié)構(gòu)強(qiáng)度決定其能否承受冬季積雪重壓。常見的鋼結(jié)構(gòu)停車棚，采用工字鋼、槽鋼等作為骨架，具有較高強(qiáng)度和穩(wěn)定性。依據(jù)濟(jì)南歷年降雪量，合理設(shè)計(jì)鋼結(jié)構(gòu)的規(guī)格與布局，可確保在較大積雪厚度下不發(fā)生變形或坍塌。如一些新建小區(qū)的停車棚，經(jīng)結(jié)構(gòu)計(jì)算，選用加厚鋼材并優(yōu)化支撐結(jié)構(gòu)，能承受每 30 - 50 千克積雪重量。而部分簡易停車棚，采用較細(xì)管材搭建，結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)不合理，在積雪稍厚時(shí)就可能出現(xiàn)骨架彎曲、焊點(diǎn)開裂等問題，難以保障車輛。?

Structural strength: The structural strength of a parking shed determines whether it can withstand the heavy pressure of winter snow. The common steel structure parking shed uses I-beams, channel steel, etc. as the skeleton, which has high strength and stability. Based on the snowfall in Jinan over the years, the reasonable design of steel structure specifications and layout can ensure that deformation or collapse does not occur under heavy snow thickness. For some newly built parking sheds in residential areas, after professional structural calculations, thickened steel is selected and the support structure is optimized to withstand a snow weight of 30-50 kilograms per square meter. However, some simple parking shelters are built with thinner pipes and have an unreasonable structural design. When the snow is slightly thick, problems such as skeleton bending and welding point cracking may occur, making it difficult to ensure vehicle safety. ?

坡度設(shè)計(jì)：停車棚坡度對(duì)積雪滑落影響重大。合適坡度能使積雪在自身重力作用下順利滑落，減輕棚頂壓力。濟(jì)南地區(qū)停車棚坡度一般設(shè)計(jì)在 15° - 30° 之間。坡度太小，積雪易堆積；坡度太大則可能影響美觀與空間利用。如一些商業(yè)廣場的停車棚，設(shè)計(jì)為 20° 左右坡度，在降雪時(shí)，大部分積雪能及時(shí)滑落，有效避免積雪積壓導(dǎo)致的隱患。同時(shí)，定期清理停車棚頂部積雪，也是保障其的重要措施，物業(yè)或管理方應(yīng)在降雪后及時(shí)組織人員清理，防止積雪過厚對(duì)停車棚造成損害。

Slope design: The slope of the parking shed has a significant impact on the sliding of snow. A suitable slope can allow snow to slide smoothly under its own gravity, reducing the pressure on the roof. The slope of parking shelters in Jinan area is generally designed between 15 ° and 30 °. The slope is too small, making it easy for snow to accumulate; A steep slope may affect aesthetics and spatial utilization. For example, some parking sheds in commercial squares are designed with a slope of around 20 degrees. During snowfall, most of the snow can slide off in a timely manner, effectively avoiding safety hazards caused by accumulated snow. At the same time, regularly cleaning the snow on the top of the parking shed is also an important measure to ensure its safety. The property or management should organize personnel to clean it up in a timely manner after snowfall to prevent excessive snow from causing damage to the parking shed.

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